We are all living in a world of technology where goal, passion, success and commitment are the key ingredients for achieving the destination and adding to it we also make sure that whatever we do, we do it with a smart way then going a hard way. But these also take a toll on the overall balance and many times gets us to indulge in food habits that can hurt the digestive system. Coupled with low activity and stress the metabolism can be an issue leading to problems which are typically classified as ano-rectal disorders.

It is proven that having an improper diet, less of physical activities, irregular sleeping, smoking and sometimes consumption of alcohol have caused lot of issues in the human body and also have caused a long term effect as well.

It is therefore suggested to have meals regularly and on time. Fibre rich food is very useful in keeping the bowel movement and digestive system in order to help in the morning routine

But certainly if these things are not taken care and not kept under control then probability is very high that it can cause severe implications. Neglecting these can lead to problems such as piles, fissures, fistula, colorectal infection, and other disorders.  Ano-rectal disorders can however be treated.  Proctlogists can help treat the issue and many times surgery is advised.

What is Proctology? How is it done?

It is a branch of medicine which deals with surgery related upon the colon, rectum and anus.

Two types of instruments which can help doctors check medical procedure:-

While, Proctoscopy is a very simple and advanced medical procedure in which an instrument, proctoscope is used to examine the anal cavity of the rectum, or sigmoid colon. The instrument is generally small and handy, straight, rigid, with a hollow metal tube, and usually has a small light bulb mounted at the one end.

Sigmoidoscopy  is mostly a medical examination of the large intestine from the rectum through the colon. There are two types of sigmoidoscopy: flexible sigmoidoscopy, which uses a flexible endoscope and which can rotate giving the most accurate details possible, and rigid sigmoidoscopy, which uses a rigid device. Flexible sigmoidoscopy is generally the preferred procedure by the doctors.

Different types of Surgeries in Proctology?

Following are the surgeries which are counted as a part of Proctology and practised under it.

• Piles; incisions made around the anus to remove the haemorrhoids also known as Haemorrhoidectomy.
• Fistula; an abnormal or surgically between the two hollow tubular organs.
• Anal Fissures;bleeding during bowel movements due to hard stools.
• Colectomy ; Colon resection which is a procedure to remove all or part of the large intestine.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery; primarily includes ulcer issues related to disease, that effect the lining of the digestive tract. Causes flare-ups of intense and intestinal pain that may require hospitalization.
• Colostomy; a surgical procedure in which a hole is created in the abdominal wall or through the large intestine.
• Internal Sphincterotomy; to treat chronic anal fissures that are small tears in the mucous lining of the rectum and the sphincter muscle.
• Rectopexy; surgical procedure to treat rectal prolapse.
• Resection; the anus, rectum and part of the sigmoid colon are removed to include the attending vessels and the tissue attaching the lymphnodes.
• Haemorrhoidectomy; incisions made around the anus to remove the haemorrhoids.(piles)
• Ileal Pouch Anal Anastomosis; the J-pouch procedure, to create a pouch from the end of the small intestine and attach the pouch to the anus
• Endoscopic Surgery; is performed using a scope, a flexible tube with a camera and light at the tip. It easily glides in to allow the surgeon to see inside the colon and perform procedures without making major incisions.
• Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery; surgery to remove the colon to treat ulcerative colitis.

Symptoms for undergoing the surgery?

Listed below are some of the symptoms which might be the cause of a colorectal infection:-

• Inflammation of veins in the rectum and anus
• Unnatural cracks or tears in the anus or near to the walls
• Abnormal passage ways between the rectum and other anorectal areas
• Severe constipationconditions
• Anal cancer
• Birth defects such as the imperforate anus
• A lump on the walls of the rectum
• Treatment of the severe pain in the large intestine
• Cancer of the colon and the rectum
• Any injuries occurring to the anus

What is the recovery time after the surgery?

Most patients can spend around 1 to 5 days in the hospital. A typical average for a laparosocopic procedures is somewhere in between 2 -3 days, were as it is about 3-5 days for the open procedures. Patients are generally discharged when they feel energetic and able to discharge at regular intervals. On the other hand they have to make sure they can tolerate a diet without needing much fluid, and the pain is reasonably in control. At home, most patients might require 2-4 weeks before getting back to their regular activities. The most common complaint can be to get a fatigue or getting tired very easily but this will improve with time and medications. There may be events that occur after surgery that may include but are not limited to infections, digestion problem which might cause the intestines to swell, or anesthesia-related problems etc. and there is no way doctors can predict or prevent these occurrences as they are natural in nature.

Through it is not easy to judge what is the best we can do to reduce the impact of colorectal disorder but what doctors and many practitioners have suggested is to follow 80-20 rule that means by spending 20 percent of the day on productive activities such as exercise, proper nutrition and on family, prospects are that 80 percent of the time we will be not be facing any health related nor medical problems. Adding to this following a proper time table, leading a discipline life and adhering  good sleeping patterns can still further improve the chances and also enhances the overall immunity, endurance power and strength.